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Antimicrobial Drugs

pharmacology mcqs questions

Questions starts with :-

Which drug does not need dose adjustment in a patient with cr...

Subject :-

pharmacology

Correct answer :- *** Hidden ***

Explanation :-

cin and Nalidixic acid for patient with decreased creatinine clearence. Trovafloxacin will cause liver damage and increase in liver enzymes. So it is contraindicated in patient

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2013-07-01 13:57:11
drug does not need dose adjustment patient with creatinine clearance mg/min CiprofloxacinSparfloxacinLomefloxacinTrovafloxacin Dose adjustmentnot required for Trovafloxacin Moxifloxacin Pefloxacin and Nalidixic acid for patient with decreased creatinine clearence Trovafloxacin will cause liver damage and increaseliver enzymes itcontraindicatedpatients with active liver disease Ref: Sherwood Gorbach John Bartlett Neil Blacklo (2004) Chapter “Quinolones” “Infectious Diesases” 3rd Edition Lippincott Publications USA Page 253 Kalzung 9th Edition Page 779
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Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Antimicrobial Drugs


following represent mechanism action tetracycline Inhibits peptidyl transferaseCauses misreading mRNACauses termination peptide chain elongationBinds site and inhibits attachment tRNA Tetracyclines bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibits protein synthesis binding 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents attachment aminoacyl tRNA mRNA ribosome complex result peptide chain fails grow Ref: Essentials Medical Pharmacology 5th Edition Page 668-73 .......

Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Antimicrobial Drugs


Antipseudomonal action characteristic following antimicrobials CefopodoximeCefoperazone CefotetanCeforanide Cefoperazone 3rd generation cephalosporin active against gram positive well gram negative bacterias one the few antibiotics that have anti-pseudomonal action exerts its action inhibiting bacterial cell wall growth Main adverse effect this drug Hypothrombinemia and Disulfiram reaction Ref: Sherwood Gorbach John Bartlett Neil Blacklo (2004) Chapter “Cephalosporins” book “Infectious Diesases” 3rd Edition Lippincott Publications USA Page 196 .......

Which the following drugs cannot used patient with Multi drug resistant Tuber

Which the following drugs cannot used patient with Multi drug resistant Tuber

Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Antimicrobial Drugs


following drugs cannot used patient with Multi drug resistant Tuberculosis CiprofloxacinTobramycin ClarithromycinAmikacin aminoglycoside group drug used various bacterial infection particulary gram negative exterts its action inhibiting bacterial 30S and 50S ribosome preventing formation 70S complex not used antimycobacterial Other aminoglycosides such streptomycin and amikacin used antimycobacteriasl Ref: Richard Finkel Michelle Alexia Clark Pamela Champe Luigi Cubeddu (2009) Chapter “Antimycrobials” book “Pharmacology” 4th Edition Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Publications United States Pages 399-406 Tripathy 5th Edition Pages 684 699 .......

Which the following anti-tubercular drug contraindicated pregnancy? Ethamb

Which the following anti-tubercular drug contraindicated pregnancy? Ethamb

Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Antimicrobial Drugs


following anti-tubercular drug contraindicated pregnancy EthambutolIsoniazidRifampicinStreptomycin Streptomycin bactericidal antibiotic first class drugs called aminoglycosides discovered and was first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis derived from actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus Streptomycin cannot given orally but must administered regular intramuscular injections adverse effect this medicine ototoxicity highly contraindicated pregnancy because ototoxicity fetus Ref: Richard Finkel Michelle Alexia Clark Pamela Champe Luigi Cubeddu (2009) Chapter “Antimycrobials” book “Pharmacology” 4th Edition Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Publications United States Page 404 Tripathi 5th Edition Page 681.......

Regarding sulpha group drugs all the below statements are true, except: Sulfonam

Regarding sulpha group drugs all the below statements are true, except: Sulfonam

Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Antimicrobial Drugs


Regarding sulpha group drugs all below statements true except: Sulfonamide may cause Kernicterus newbornSulfonamides used Norcardia infectionsCrystalluria can occur with sulfonamideSulfasalazine absorbed well from GIT Sulfasalazine usaually absorbed from small intestines Only 10% drug absorbed remaining excreted unaltered bowel Hence this drug acts locally intestine patient with inflammatory bowel disease Ref: Paul Beringer (2006) Chapter “Antiinfectives” book “Remington: Science and Practice Pharmacy” Lippincott Williams and Wilkins USA Page 1631 Tripathi 5th Edition Pages 186 643 Katzung 9th Edition Page 591 .......

Which the following drugs decreases hepatic glucose output and improves peripheral

Which the following drugs decreases hepatic glucose output and improves peripheral

Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Hormones & Related Drugs


following drugs decreases hepatic glucose output and improves peripheral insulin utilization ChlorpropamideGlyburideMiglitolPioglitazone Thiazolidinediones such pioglitazone antidiabetic agents that increase insulin sensitivity through variety mechanisms that result decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis and increased insulin-dependent muscle glucose uptake Chlorpropamide oral hypoglycemic agent that sulfonylurea derivative stimulates secretion insulin from pancreas Glyburide sulfonylurea derivative that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreas Miglitol antidiabetic agent that retards glucose absorption the intestinal tract net result lowering postprandial glucose levels .......

48-year-old man presents with complaint non-bloody diarrhea and right lower

48-year-old man presents with complaint non-bloody diarrhea and right lower

Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Hormones & Related Drugs


48-year-old man presents with complaint non-bloody diarrhea and right lower quadrant pain with palpable mass and tenderness states that this "flare-up" one worst has ever experienced Radiographic examination reveals evidence ulceration stricture and fistula development colon and small bowel following drugs would MOST useful for treating this patient Diphenoxylate and atropineHydrocortisone suppositoriesHyoscyaminePrednisone The patient presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive Crohn's disease idiopathic inflammatory process that can affect any portion alimentary tract This condition often characterized intermittent bouts low-grade fever diarrhea malaise and weight loss well focal tenderness and palpable tender mass lower abdomen There radiographic evidence ulceration stricturing fistulas small intestine and colon Nonpharmacologic therapy can efficacious some cases but more severe cases may require corticosteroids such prednisone dramatically suppress clinical signs and symptoms Antidiarrheal agents (eg diphenoxylate with atropine loperamide) should used very cautiously these patients since there very high risk toxic megacolon Hydrocortisone suppositories indicated for treatment distal ulcerative colitis not Crohn's disease Hyoscyamine anticholinergic agent that may alleviate postprandial abdominal pain patient with irritable bowel syndrome administered 30-60 minutes before meal Mesalamine 5-aminosalicylic acid derivative indicated for treatment ulcerative colitis Although this agent may provide some benefit treatment Crohn's disease prednisone drug choice for treatment acute "flare-ups" seen patients with this disease .......

47-year-old woman presents with complaints nervousness and increased sensitivit

47-year-old woman presents with complaints nervousness and increased sensitivit

Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Hormones & Related Drugs


47-year-old woman presents with complaints nervousness and increased sensitivity hot weather She diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and prescribed propylthiouracil principal mechanism this drug acts Decreasing efficacy TSH binding thyroid TSH receptorDecreasing rate proteolysis thyroglobulinIncreasing amount 5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3; rT3)Inhibiting deiodination thyroxine (T4) Propylthiouracil works primarily inhibiting peripheral conversion thyroid extracts iodide from plasma and oxidative process iodinated tyrosine residues thyroglobulin molecules Monoiodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine formed and then coupled produce either thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine T4) triiodothyronine (T3) Proteolytic cleavage thyroglobulin molecules leads free then released into circulation; several times more potent than Peripheral deiodination position leads formation (mainly liver); this step inhibited propylthiouracil Decreasing efficacy TSH binding decreasing rate thyroglobulin proteolysis increasing amount rT3 formation and inhibiting uptake iodide into thyroid would all tend decrease formation thyroid hormones thyroid itself .......

patient brought the emergency room coma due diabetic ketoacidosis.

patient brought the emergency room coma due diabetic ketoacidosis.

Subject :-pharmacology

Topic :- Hormones & Related Drugs


patient brought emergency room coma due diabetic ketoacidosis Insulin therapy begun immediately the following therapies should also begun immediately Calcium supplementationCreatinine supplementationMagnesium supplementationPotassium supplementation Therapy diabetic ketoacidosis requires more than insulin Intravascular volume often depleted and initial fluids restore volume should include isotonic saline lactated Ringer's solution arterial blood less than severe hyperkalemia present bicarbonate supplementation should used fluids containing 5-10% dextrose (glucose) should used serum glucose levels fall 200-300 mg/dL since high doses rapidly acting insulin can cause life-threatening hypoglycemia Additionally the serum potassium concentration should watched very carefully since potassium transported into cells with glucose presence insulin often case that hyperkalemia present initially secondary decreased cellular uptake potassium with decreased cellular uptake glucose However this can rapidly change insulin drives glucose (with potassium) into cells and life-threatening hypokalemia can develop Supplementation with calcium not required with insulin administration Creatinine waste product rather than nutrient Supplementation with magnesium not required with insulin administration .......

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